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Productive vs. Exclusionary Friction: Protecting Learning Without Creating Unnecessary Barriers

One of the central problems generative AI creates for schools is that it changes the relationship between academic performance and learning process. A student can now produce a fluent summary, polished essay, organized explanation, or plausible argument without necessarily doing the interpretive and authorial work those products used to signal. That does not mean every […]

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Infographic showing a tiered decision-rights framework for AI in schools, ranging from AI-generated drafts to human-approved recommendations, limited automation, and actions that must remain human.

Tiered Decision Rights: Governing the Actions of Autonomous Systems

Series Overview Designing with Friction: AI, Learning, and K–12 Leadership Generative AI is changing more than the tools students and educators use. It is changing the conditions under which work is produced, learning is demonstrated, data is remembered, and institutional decisions are made. This five-part series examines what K–12 leaders need to preserve, redesign, and

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Symbolic infographic showing persistent AI memory as a student data layer, with icons for privacy, retention, review, correction, deletion, and parent transparency.

The Compliance Ghost in the Machine: FERPA, COPPA, and Persistent AI Memory

Series Overview Designing with Friction: AI, Learning, and K–12 Leadership Generative AI is changing more than the tools students and educators use. It is changing the conditions under which work is produced, learning is demonstrated, data is remembered, and institutional decisions are made. This five-part series examines what K–12 leaders need to preserve, redesign, and

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Symbolic infographic showing the shift from AI as a simple assistant to agentic AI systems that can plan, remember, access tools, and take action inside school workflows.

From Assistant to Actor: Navigating the K–12 Procurement Crisis in Agentic AI

Series Overview  Designing with Friction: AI, Learning, and K–12 Leadership Generative AI is changing more than the tools students and educators use. It is changing the conditions under which work is produced, learning is demonstrated, data is remembered, and institutional decisions are made. This five-part series examines what K–12 leaders need to preserve, redesign, and

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Infographic showing a learning sequence in which students first read, think, draft, and explain before using AI for feedback, revision, or extension.

Writing Policy for the Learning Sequence: Moving Beyond Tool Permission

Series OverviewDesigning with Friction: AI, Learning, and K–12 LeadershipGenerative AI is changing more than the tools students and educators use. It is changing the conditions under which work is produced, learning is demonstrated, data is remembered, and institutional decisions are made. This five-part series examines what K–12 leaders need to preserve, redesign, and govern as

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Symbolic infographic comparing polished AI-assisted student work with visible evidence of learning, showing that completion, fluency, and clean formatting do not prove understanding.

The Illusion of Completion: Why Flawless Student Work Can Signal Zero Learning

Series Overview Designing with Friction: AI, Learning, and K–12 Leadership Generative AI is changing more than the tools students and educators use. It is changing the conditions under which work is produced, learning is demonstrated, data is remembered, and institutional decisions are made. This five-part series examines what K–12 leaders need to preserve, redesign, and

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From Paper to Play: Using AI to Bring Critical Digital Citizenship Frameworks to Life

Before I begin, I want to make sure that I credit this idea to Ethan Mollick. Ethan Mollick is the Ralph J. Roberts Distinguished Faculty Scholar, Rowan Fellow, and Associate Professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, where he studies the effects of artificial intelligence on work, entrepreneurship, and education. He did a

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Writing Assistants and the AI Wasteland: A Critical Look at AI in Education

As the use of generative AI in education continues to grow, much of the conversation has focused on high-profile tools like ChatGPT and Claude. But in his recent blog, Writing Assistants and the AI Wasteland, Jacob Pleasants shines a light on a quieter but potentially more disruptive force in our classrooms: the AI writing assistant.

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The Invisible Backbone: Inside School Technology’s Hidden Infrastructure

IntroductionWhen most people think about technology in schools, they picture the tools students and teachers use every day: laptops, interactive whiteboards, and digital learning platforms. However, behind the scenes lies a different layer of technology—crucial to school operations and safety—that often goes unnoticed. In my role as Director of Technology, I’ve engaged with these systems

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Flexing Your C.O.R.E.: Cultivating Critical Thinking and Civic-Mindedness in Digital Citizenship and Social Studies Education

In today’s rapidly evolving educational landscape, it’s more important than ever for students to develop the skills and mindset necessary to navigate complex social and historical issues. The C.O.R.E. framework—Critical Thinking, Openness, Respect, and Engagement—serves as a guiding principle for educators aiming to foster these essential qualities in their students, particularly in social studies classrooms.

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